Which term denotes the movement from a sacred worldview to a rationalistic, utilitarian and experimental viewpoint?

Which term denotes the movement from a sacred worldview to a rationalistic, utilitarian and experimental viewpoint?

• A. Secularisation
• B. Rationalization
• C. Modernization
• D. Industrialization

Answer: (A)

Secularisation denotes the shift from a sacred worldview to a rationalistic, utilitarian and experimental viewpoint by moving religious explanations and authority out of public life and replacing them with secular, rational ways of thinking and organizing society. This captures the change in orientation—from sacred norms guiding thought and action to emphasis on calculation, efficiency, and empirical inquiry that characterize modern social life. While rationalization describes the adoption of rational methods and efficiency, and modernization or industrialization are broader historical processes, secularisation best pinpoints the specific transition in worldview the prompt describes.

Secularisation denotes the shift from a sacred worldview to a rationalistic, utilitarian and experimental viewpoint by moving religious explanations and authority out of public life and replacing them with secular, rational ways of thinking and organizing society. This captures the change in orientation—from sacred norms guiding thought and action to emphasis on calculation, efficiency, and empirical inquiry that characterize modern social life. While rationalization describes the adoption of rational methods and efficiency, and modernization or industrialization are broader historical processes, secularisation best pinpoints the specific transition in worldview the prompt describes.