Which term describes a society where offices replace factories and computers take over machines?

Which term describes a society where offices replace factories and computers take over machines?

• A. Industrial societies
• B. Post-industrial societies
• C. Gemeinschaft
• D. Gesellschaft

Answer: (A)

Shifting from factories to offices and letting computers take over tasks signals a post-industrial society. In this stage, the economy centers on services, information processing, and knowledge work rather than mass manufacturing. Technology enables automation and digital administration, so value comes from coordinating and manipulating information rather than producing concrete goods on factory floors. This changes who works and how work is organized, with more professionals, managers, and tech-oriented roles, along with greater reliance on education and global connectedness. The other terms describe types of social relationships—Gemeinschaft as traditional, close-knit community ties and Gesellschaft as modern, impersonal associations—rather than this economic and organizational shift.

Shifting from factories to offices and letting computers take over tasks signals a post-industrial society. In this stage, the economy centers on services, information processing, and knowledge work rather than mass manufacturing. Technology enables automation and digital administration, so value comes from coordinating and manipulating information rather than producing concrete goods on factory floors. This changes who works and how work is organized, with more professionals, managers, and tech-oriented roles, along with greater reliance on education and global connectedness. The other terms describe types of social relationships—Gemeinschaft as traditional, close-knit community ties and Gesellschaft as modern, impersonal associations—rather than this economic and organizational shift.