Which theory analyzes the function of change in preserving the social order as a whole?

Which theory analyzes the function of change in preserving the social order as a whole?

• A. Nonmaterial culture
• B. Conflict theory
• C. Auguste Comte
• D. Functionalist theory

Answer: (D)

The main idea being tested is how change can serve to maintain social order by keeping the whole system in balance. In functionalist theory, society is seen as an interconnected set of parts—like institutions, norms, and routines—that work together to maintain stability. When change occurs, these parts respond and adjust so the overall system continues to function smoothly. This perspective treats change as something that can be functional for the whole society, fostering cohesion and equilibrium rather than merely highlighting conflict or individual ideas. Nonmaterial culture focuses on beliefs, values, and norms themselves, not on how change functions to preserve order. Conflict theory centers on power struggles and inequalities that arise from competing interests, emphasizing disruption and change as avenues for social conflict rather than for maintaining stability. Auguste Comte is associated with early sociology and positivist ideas about studying society, not specifically with analyzing how change operates to sustain the social order.

The main idea being tested is how change can serve to maintain social order by keeping the whole system in balance. In functionalist theory, society is seen as an interconnected set of parts—like institutions, norms, and routines—that work together to maintain stability. When change occurs, these parts respond and adjust so the overall system continues to function smoothly. This perspective treats change as something that can be functional for the whole society, fostering cohesion and equilibrium rather than merely highlighting conflict or individual ideas.

Nonmaterial culture focuses on beliefs, values, and norms themselves, not on how change functions to preserve order. Conflict theory centers on power struggles and inequalities that arise from competing interests, emphasizing disruption and change as avenues for social conflict rather than for maintaining stability. Auguste Comte is associated with early sociology and positivist ideas about studying society, not specifically with analyzing how change operates to sustain the social order.