NMAT Social Sciences Practice Test

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• Which term describes a social position that is attained through personal effort and competition?
• Culture comprises nonmaterial and material aspects.
• Which term refers to the mode of subsistence?
• Which term is the belief that views, styles or products of other cultures are better than those of one's own?
• Which concept refers to expectations about how people should behave at different ages?
• Whose main concern was that sociology should study social facts external to people?
• Which term refers to groups to which people belong and feel loyal?
• Which term is a measure of actual conduct?
• Which term refers to the set of expectations about how someone with a given status should behave?
• Which theory describes collective behavior in diffuse social groupings?
• The philosophical concept describing the idea that the categories of understanding shape how we experience the world is known as?
• Which type of suicide is associated with feelings of powerlessness to regulate one’s life?
• What term refers to a group action that is focused on some goal or object?
• Which type uses the plow and larger surplus leading to bureaucracies, cities, and a money economy?
• Which term refers to groups whose norms we respect and generally adapt to?
• Which term describes crowds that contain many mutually supportive relationships and social solidarity?
• Which term describes behavior that deviates from the normal pattern but is not intended to change social norms?
• Which term describes deliberate violation of norms despite the capacity to conform?
• What term denotes a religious group that is less formally organized than a church?
• Marriage with the same social, racial, ethnic and religious background is called what?
• Which term best describes a gathering of people without conscious interaction?
• Which term describes a lasting attempt to change society through collective action, often organized?
• Which form of authority rests on personality and personal appeal?
• Internalization is the acceptance of norms as part of one's identity. Which option best describes this concept?
• The systematic and objective study of human society and social interaction is called which field?
• Which term describes the process by which some people and groups acquire power and exercise it over others?
• Which term refers to the field studying relationships between organisms and their environment?
• A situation where opposing demands are made on a person is called which?
• Which term best describes the change and development of societies over time in either unilinear or multilinear fashion?
• Which term refers to legitimate power that is institutional in nature?
• What term describes behavior that violates the social norms of a group or society?
• Behavior expected of someone with a given status?
• Which thinker is best known for studies on bureaucracy and capitalism and is often contrasted with Karl Marx?
• Which term defines a kinship system in which the mother's side of the family is recognized as kin?
• Which form of solidarity is associated with division of labor and impersonal, short-lived relationships?
• What term describes the capacity of individuals or groups to influence or control the actions of others?
• What is the focus of sociology?
• Which economic system allows ownership to be held collectively by a small community?
• Which term means failure to conform to the customary norms of society?
• Acculturation refers to which of the following?
• Which term describes marriage within one's own kin group?
• Which term refers to the biological merging of an ethnic or racial group with the native population?
• A subculture that challenges the dominant values is called what?
• Which theory posits that a crowd is a single organism with one collective mind?
• What term describes the process in which people act toward or respond to others in a mutual and reciprocal way?
• Which concept refers to the shared standards of what is valued in a society?
• Belief in supernatural forces that influence humanity without recognizing specific gods or spirits is called?
• Which term describes a status assigned at birth or by external factors rather than personal effort?
• Which term describes a family consisting of a married couple and their children?
• Which concept is defined as the state of fascination in which people are not conscious of their acts?
• Which term denotes the patterned relationships and arrangements within a society?
• Which concept measures the degree of closeness to or acceptance of members of other groups?
• Which term denotes a tendency to act and feel in a certain way?
• Which approach treats social change as a process that serves the stability and cohesion of society?
• Which term describes no natural increase in the population?
• Which term describes the practice of marrying outside one's own kin group, often to form alliances?
• An economy characterized by a large number of participants with dispersed decision-making is described as?
• An economy in the hands of a small number of individuals or firms is described as?
• Which kind of cooperation emphasizes mutual aid among members?
• Which term denotes a crowd that follows conventional norms with minimal interaction?
• What is the study of aging and the problems of the elderly called?
• Which development is most associated with agricultural societies?
• Which term is used for the stage where the masses' excitement is formalized and ideologies guide the movement?
• Which term refers to the capacity to influence others regardless of whether authority is socially recognized?
• Culture can be which of the following?
• Spontaneous cooperation that becomes fixed in a society's customs is best described as which type of cooperation?
• Which form of social cohesion arises from members performing very similar roles and sharing the same values?
• Which political system is described as run by a single party with extensive surveillance and control over life?
• Totemism is most closely associated with which practice?
• Which term describes the initial and early phase characterized by restlessness, inter-group conflict, and inefficient efforts to address social problems?
• Which term describes a position that a person occupies due to their own actions, often through competition?
• Which term describes an extreme system of stratified inequality in which freedom is denied to one group?
• Which concept describes a belief that the products and styles of other cultures are regarded as superior to those of one's own?
• Which term describes the struggle for a commonly prized object or value arising because benefits are limited?
• In hunting and gathering societies, which description best captures their typical social organization?
• Which term describes a system in which a man has more than one wife?
• Which option correctly lists the four types of suicide identified by Durkheim?
• Follows conventional norms, interaction is minimal
• Which class is associated with ownership of the means of production?
• Which term refers to a system of stratified inequality in which status is largely determined at birth and people are locked into their parent's social positions?
• Which system features ownership that is held collectively rather than privately, with the state as the owner?
• Which concept describes the social acceptance that those in power have the right to govern?
• Which statement best describes the relationship between culture and social behavior?
• Which religious concept refers to belief in many gods?
• Which of the following is an example of material incentives?
• Which term denotes the involuntary separation of residential areas, services, or facilities on the basis of ethnicity or race?
• Which term refers to a small circle of close friends in the same social circle?
• Anomie is best described as a situation in which a large number of people lack interaction with social institutions.
• Which term describes the distinct and different element that each culture carries?
• Intragenerational mobility occurs within the same generation.
• Which statement best reflects the functionalist view of inequality?
• Which deviant adaptation represents withdrawal from society by rejecting both the goals and the means?
• Which term best describes a community-focused society where kinship and local ties prevail?
• Which mobility type occurs between generations?
• Which term refers to the conception of ourselves as either male or female?
• Which term describes a society with rational order, neutral involvement, and obligations to institutions are dominant?
• Which term refers to a small group of intimates with intense in-group feeling?
• Which term is the tendency to evaluate other cultures in terms of one's own and to consider one's own as superior?
• An ethnic group is best described as
• The conflict perspective posits that the engine of history and main source of change is the struggle between what?
• The interactionist perspective in sociology is strongly influenced by which theorist?
• Temporary grouping of people physically close together with a common focus
• Which term describes a form of polygamy in which multiple husbands share one wife?
• Which deviant adaptation involves rejecting the goals and the means and instituting new ones?
• Which term would you use for the family form in which the eldest female holds authority?
• Which concept describes the spread of cultural traits between societies?
• Which term describes the tendency to evaluate other cultures using the standards of one's own culture?
• Which sociologist developed the 'looking-glass self' concept?
• Which term describes society's definition of how a role ought to be played?
• Which term is used for rules enforced by the state to regulate conduct?
• The philosophical view that knowledge is conditioned by the perceiving subject and the mind's structures is known as?
• Which economic system is defined by planners acting as the ultimate decision makers?
• Which type of suicide occurs when an individual places the group above self?
• Which term describes the movement of people from rural to urban?
• Which concept describes beliefs about right and wrong shared by a society?
• Which term means being categorized by age?
• Which concept refers to the enduring pattern of ranking people in social positions according to their access to desirable resources?
• Which form of stratification is associated with a type of agrarian society similar to feudalism?
• Which term is defined as the informal transmission of unverified information that spreads through a group?
• Which term describes the set of roles associated with a single status?
• Which term best fits a religious body that claims the membership of the entire population and is tied to the state's official religion?
• Which incentive appeals to people's sense of responsibility to the community, society or religion?
• Which term describes the deliberate manipulation of information to influence emotions and prejudice?
• Which term describes the movement becoming an accepted and institutionalized part of society?
• Which term describes the social network of relatives by ancestry?
• The task of sociology is to study what?
• Which term describes several religious organizations considered socially acceptable by a society?
• The way a person usually plays a role is known as which?
• In which type of society are individual relationships based on kinship or community membership?
• Which concept describes authority held by the eldest female?
• Which theorist is associated with the idea that crowds behave as a single organism with a collective mind?
• Which type forms permanent communities due to agricultural practices?
• Which form of stratification is generally considered the most open and allows more mobility?
• Which process involves acquiring personality and learning the ways of a society or group?
• Which term seeks more radical change in society and aims to overthrow the existing social structure?
• Which term describes crowds that provide opportunities for emotional expression and release?
• Which term describes norms that have little strength and may within limits, be easily broken?
• The philosophical position that knowledge is structured by the mind and is not purely derived from experience is called?
• Which political system is defined by centralized control by a single party with extensive surveillance and limited freedoms?
• Which term describes patterns of culture and social structure that are characteristic of cities and how they differ from the culture of rural communities?
• Which term refers to an untrue or unverified report informally communicated through gossip?
• Which concept describes the condition in which what people think they deserve is not what they have?
• Which theoretical perspective argues that inequality is not only required for the functioning of society but is also inevitable?
• Which term denotes the view that the products and styles of other cultures are regarded as superior to those of one's own?
• An ascribed role is best described as a hereditary status assigned without regard to ability.
• Religion that recognizes active and animate spirits operating in the world is called?
• Lenski's theory is associated with which aspect of inequality?
• In a society where couples reside with the wife's family, what is this arrangement called?
• Which concept describes acting together to achieve common interests or goals?
• Nonmaterial culture includes which of the following?
• Which option best describes social mobility?
• Which concept refers to the process of acquiring personality and learning the norms of a society through social interaction?
• Which economic system emphasizes consumers as the key decision makers?
• Which term refers to the idea that 'society is made up of interrelated parts that function together'?
• A minority group is defined as which of the following?
• Which term describes the lower classes that provide labor to production?
• Provide opportunities for emotional expression and release
• Which concept is best described as a group of people who belong together?
• Which concept is described as the 'ability to hypnotize: three factors' in the study of crowd behavior?
• Which term denotes the process by which a movement becomes an accepted and institutionalized part of society?
• Which term describes the form of social interaction where one party acts toward another to receive a reward in return?
• Pastoral societies are primarily defined by which economic activity?
• Which form of mass behavior involves irrational and fearful reactions when faced with a threat?
• Industrial societies are characterized by which feature?
• Which statement defines a theoretical perspective?
• What does the 'looking-glass self' describe?
• Which term describes a small, personal and unspecialized group with effective communication?
• Which term describes a stratified society in which social position is determined by parentage?
• Which term describes a group that actively opposes central norms of the wider society?
• Which concept describes the distribution of access to social rewards based on personal or group characteristics?
• Which term involves calculated manipulation of ideas in a way that appeals to people's emotions and prejudice?
• A couple living with the wife's parents is described by which term?
• Which term means a generalized or common element?
• Which sociologist developed the 'looking-glass self' concept?
• Which term describes the process of people acting toward or responding to others in a mutual and reciprocal way?
• Which sociologist is noted for seeing in society continuous conflict and change?
• Which theory argues that real societies are not as stable as the functionalists imply and cannot account for many kinds of changes?
• A religious organization that claims membership of the entire population of a society or serves as the country's official religion is called what?
• Which option best describes a subculture?
• A married couple living apart from either family is described by which term?
• Which term means idle talk about the personal and private affairs of others?
• Which term denotes partial assimilation by which the dominant society allows minorities to participate fully while preserving many of their cultural differences?
• Which process refers to learning and internalizing norms through social interaction?
• Which example best illustrates horizontal mobility?
• Which term best captures the process of integrating minorities into the larger society while preserving distinct cultural identities?
• Which term denotes the tendency to govern actions by special relations to an individual or group rather than by universal criteria?
• Under property ownership, private rights to transfer title belong to individuals or groups, while public rights belong to the state. This description best defines which concept?
• Which term refers to expectations about how people should act or feel in specific situations?
• Which statement defines modernization?
• Temporary grouping of people, physically close together with a common focus or interest
• Who coined the term sociology?
• Insanity, physical and mental incapability or illness disable one to conform without punishment. Which term describes this?
• Which term is defined as 'family group' in the material?
• In property ownership, which statement correctly differentiates private ownership from public ownership?
• Which term describes the absorption of an incoming group into the dominant society?
• Which term refers to the means or ways to condition or limit actions to make people conform to social norms?
• Which term deals with the social process by which different parts of a community are coordinated to function together?
• Which statement best aligns with the concept of a minority group as described?
• Behavior that occurs in response to a common influence or stimulus in relatively spontaneous, unstructured or unstable situations
• Acculturation refers to which concept?
• Which term refers to the behavior where crowds converge on a disaster site after a disaster?
• Which term emphasizes rational organization and formalized institutions as dominant?
• Regarding warfare in hunter-gatherer societies, which statement is most accurate?
• Which term best captures forms of social inequalities such as slavery, caste, and estate?
• "Leadership" in sociology refers to what?
• Which term describes a rare form of collective behavior that occurs in ambiguous and threatening situations?
• Which term refers to the disparity between the number of people flooding the cities and the opportunities available?
• Social control is best defined as which of the following?
• Which term refers to standard behaviour?
• "Accommodation" refers to which concept?
• Which term describes the lower classes that provide labor to production?
• Which term best captures a state of normlessness arising when social norms break down?
• Social stratification refers to
• Which status is typically gained by a person's direct effort usually through competition?
• Which term refers to groups to which we don't belong and which are regarded with suspicion and as less worthy than their own?
• Which term is a stage that can lead to wider acceptance of a movement in society?
• Which term describes a couple living with the husband's parents?
• Which term describes breakdown of social institutions, result when deviance is practiced by large numbers of people over long periods of time, undermined the belief in the value of basic social institutions or when it produces conflict that cannot be contained?
• Which concept describes cohesion based on interdependence from specialized roles?
• Which deviant adaptation describes rejecting both the goals and the means?
• Which type of cooperation is directed by a third party in a position of authority?
• Which term describes a temporary activity that large numbers of people enthusiastically pursue?
• Which form describes spontaneous cooperation that eventually becomes embedded in a society's customs?
• Which term describes a society with a diversity of folkways and mores and minimal religious influence?
• Which concept occurs when cultural traits are logically consistent with one another, but may be logically inconsistent or neutral in relation to one another?
• Which term describes widespread irrational collective behavior spreading through a group?
• Which term involves attempts to provide members with personal transformation, including emotional satisfaction, a new identity, or ideology?
• Accept validity of social rules but break them for some personal reason; nonconforming: hope to attract attention to their rule-breaking behavior in an attempt to cause the rule to be changed. Which term describes this nonconforming behavior?
• Which term refers to the process by which individuals learn social norms and behaviors through interactions?
• Which term refers to something that is generally recognized as right and necessary by society?
• Which term seeks to improve society as a whole by changing certain aspects of the social structure?
• Which term refers to a person’s status based on age?
• Which of the following is NOT a deviant adaptation?
• Which term refers to the institutional structure of communities and the process by which the functions of various aspects of community life are brought into interaction with each other?
• Which term best matches a movement that attempts to provide members with personal transformation and a new identity or ideology?
• What is the term for a system in which one man has multiple wives?
• Which term describes a religious organization that is not the official state church but is broadly accepted within society?
• Internal social control is most effective because it involves which of the following?
• Which term describes power that operates without social approval?
• Which field studies aging in general, not limited to medicine?
• Which term refers to the dominant group causing the deaths of a large number of minority group members?
• Prejudice is defined as
• Which theory states that individuals in a crowd release their underlying personal tendencies?
• Which term denotes norms that are strongly held and considered essential and which are strictly enforced?
• Which term refers to a socialized effort to change society through collective action?
• Culture consists of which two aspects?
• Which term is defined as the creation of new products?
• Which form of cooperation is characterized by a formal agreement to cooperate on a specified way with clearly defined duties?
• Which deviant adaptation is defined as accepting the means but not the goals?
• Which field studies the medical aspects of aging and the medical practice that emphasizes aging and elderly patients?
• Which term describes a crowd that follows conventional norms with minimal interaction?
• In a kinship system that traces ancestry through both parents, what is this descent called?
• Which term is associated with a movement that aims to overthrow the existing social structure and replace it with a new one?
• Which term distinguishes between primary and secondary groups, with primary being small, personal and unspecialized; members communicate effectively, openly and intimately; and secondary being larger, more specialized groups; members interact in a limited, impersonal way?
• Which term describes the position that dominates others and determines a person's general social position?
• Which type features the plow and larger surplus, leading to social changes such as stratification and urban development?
• Intergenerational mobility involves changes in social position between generations.
• Which term denotes the movement from a sacred worldview to a rationalistic, utilitarian and experimental viewpoint?
• Which term describes an extended clan of blood relatives with their mates and children?
• Discrimination is defined as
• Which term describes a temporary mass pursuit of a fad?
• Which term best describes a movement that aims to prevent change or reverse changes achieved?
• What descent system is described as tracing kinship through the father's line?
• Which concept refers to the process of acquiring personality and learning the ways of a group?
• What term refers to the system of beliefs and practices by which people interpret and respond to the supernatural and sacred?
• Oldest and simplest societal type with nomadic life and little specialization is?
• Which term would you use for the family form in which the eldest male holds authority?
• Which term describes a social position assigned at birth or by society that is not based on individual merit?
• Which type of suicide is characterized by feeling disconnected from society and being largely unaffected by social constraints against suicide?
• Which term aims to prevent change or reverse a change achieved?
• From the conflict perspective, what is a possible outcome of social conflict?
• Which term denotes solidarity formed through large-scale associations and impersonal ties?
• Which theory analyzes the function of change in preserving the social order as a whole?
• The basic assumption of sociology posits that
• Among religious groupings, which term refers to several organizations considered socially acceptable by society?
• What is the smallest unit of culture as perceived by a given observer?
• External social control relies on sanctions that may be informal or formal. Which statement is most accurate?
• What term describes standards of behavior appropriate for various ages?
• Which statement is accurate about pastoral societies?
• Which theory posits that cultures and societies go through continual cycles of growth and decay, challenge and response?
• Which statement about material culture is correct?
• Which term describes a society that minimizes religious influence while accommodating a variety of customs?
• Which concept describes authority held by the eldest male?
• Which term describes marriage outside one's own kin group?
• Which type is defined by capturing, breeding, and taming animals as a food source?
• Which concept encompasses wealth, power, and prestige as its dimensions?
• Which ownership form is held by a cooperative enterprise?
• Which term describes a shared idea of what is good and bad in a society?
• Which term denotes ultimate authority vested in a single person?
• Which concept describes the augmentation in behavior due to the presence of others?
• What term describes the social network of people who are related by common ancestry?
• Which term best describes a mere collection of people without conscious interaction?
• Which term denotes a group to which members feel loyal and identify with?
• Which term refers to the stage when the excitement of the masses is formalized and ideologies are developed to give the movement direction and unity?
• Which term refers to two or more people who have a common identity and some feeling of unity and who share certain goals and expectations about each other's behavior?
• Horticultural societies are best described as which?
• Which term signifies rule of the people?
• Horticultural societies are best described as which?
• Which term describes the expulsion of people due to ethnic or racial attributes?
• Which term is defined as 'one or more nuclear families plus other relatives'?
• Which term describes solidarity with little division of labor and a family-centered, personal, long-lasting network?
• Which term refers to marriage with the same social background?
• Which system is based on the private ownership of wealth, including private property, profit, competition, and laissez-faire?
• Which term denotes measures of goodness or desirability within a culture?
• Which factor is described as involving the physical surroundings and climate and is a factor of social change?
• Which form of authority rests on rationally established rules and aims to adjust means to ends?
• Which term denotes the allocation of resources through private market forces rather than centralized planning?
• Race refers to?
• The practice of worship and veneration directed toward a specific animal is known as?
• Which form of authority is based on personal charm and leadership qualities rather than tradition or formal rules?
• Material culture includes which?
• Which term refers to an administration characterized by rules, a hierarchy of offices, and centralized authority?
• Which term best describes the outcome of a struggle over scarce resources?
• External social control involves sanctions that may be applied informally and formally. Which option best describes this?
• What are the three dimensions of power identified by Max Weber?
• Which term denotes a currently acceptable style of dress or behavior?
• What term describes the broader system of beliefs and practices related to the sacred that guides a community?
• Which term refers to norms enacted by the state to regulate human conduct?
• Which theory explains social inequality as the result of scarce resources and the powerful determining who fills jobs and receives rewards?
• Which term describes forcing people out of an area of a society?
• Minimum emotional engagement and action ex: people looking into a store
• Which set of elements is typically associated with capitalism?
• Which term refers to the framework or order that governs the production and distribution of goods and services in a society?
• Which term describes the sources of cultural changes?
• Which statement best represents the functionalist perspective?
• Augmentation in behavior due to the presence of other individuals
• Which term describes a system that motivates people to act, buy and sell, produce and consume?
• Which method involves arriving at general principles from actual observation of behaviour?
• Which term describes a larger, more specialized group with limited, impersonal interaction?
• Which term refers to false ideas that all members of a group share identical traits?
• Which form of cooperation is described as initiated spontaneously but directed by authority?
• Which term describes a society where offices replace factories and computers take over machines?
• Which term describes when there is cultural integration?
• Which term denotes a marriage between two people with exactly one spouse?
• Which type of leadership is focused on creating harmony and solidarity among members?
• What term means belief in and worship of a single deity?
• Decrease in motivation to exert effort because of the presence of others
• Which term describes the mixture of two or more ethnic groups into a single new population?
• Which term refers to a family unit consisting of a husband and wife and their children?
• Which concept refers to the spread of ideas, customs, and technologies between cultures?
• Which term refers to a situation governed by rules that make the goal being sought more important than the defeat of any opponents?
• Which term describes a scattered group of people who share a common interest or concern?
• Which term refers to a kinship pattern where children's kinship ties extend to both parental sides?
• Which term defines a kinship system in which the father's side of the family is recognized as kin?
• Pastoral societies differ from hunting and gathering primarily in their reliance on which practice?
• Which term describes the tendency for one person or group to force its will on another?
• Which statement best captures the conflict theory view of the stability of real societies?
• Which term describes the stage in a social movement where the discontented become aware that others share their views and that united action is possible?
• Which social class is characterized as the upper segment with access to the means of production?
• Which of the following are recognized directions of social mobility?
• Which concept refers to the transmission of cultural traits from one group or society to another?
• Which term best denotes a tangible cultural unit or custom carrying meaning?
• Max Weber is best known for studies on bureaucracy and capitalism and is contrasted with which foundational sociologist?
• Which term describes the rapid spread of new ways of thinking in a crowd?
• Which system seeks to combine features of socialism with public ownership and relatively equal distribution of income?
• Which type of suicide is described as society lacking order?
• The main function of education includes socialization, social control, selection and allocation, assimilation and subculture maintenance, and innovation and change. What term describes this?
• Functionalist perspective views society as which of the following?
• Which term means attitudes about an issue that are held by a public?
• Which theory stresses the social aspects of a crowd and the function of social norms in shaping crowd behavior?
• Which term means the political reorganization of a nation to align boundaries with ethnic or racial groups?
• What term describes marriage with more than one husband or wife?
• Who proposed that power is based on economic and political leadership and is important in the functioning of society?
• Which term describes the tendency to govern actions by special relations to an individual or group rather than by universal criteria?
• Which description best matches a stratification system that is the most common and relatively open in modern societies?
• Which term holds that one cannot truly understand and evaluate cultural, social, and psychological facts?
• Which term is conferred by customs and accepted practice?
• Which deviant adaptation occurs when a person accepts society's goals but uses illegitimate means to achieve them?
• Which concept best describes coordinating actions to achieve a shared objective?
• Which term describes the process of rapid internal social change as a traditional society becomes industrialized and urbanized?
• Which type involves cultivation of cereal grains and permanent communities?
• What term denotes a socially defined position in a group or society?
• Which statement best distinguishes internal and external social control?
• Which term refers to a social position to which a person is assigned according to standards?
• Which term describes an economic system in which resources are owned privately and allocated by market forces?
• Which term refers to beliefs, values, norms, and symbols that are not physical?
• Personal stress caused by such a demand is called which?
• Which form involves a formal agreement to cooperate with duties clearly spelled out?
• Which concept denotes ultimate authority concentrated in a single individual?
• Which term describes actions that deviate from norms and are socially approved or tolerated by society?
• Which term is defined as the social role?
• Which feature is characteristic of a planned economy?
• In sociology, analysis of an act should focus on which aspect?
• Which concept is associated with a 'feeling of invincibility' in a crowd?
• Which term describes the social expectations and duties assigned to a gender?
• Which of the following is a feature of agricultural societies?
• Which term refers to the biological interbreeding of two or more peoples of distinct physical appearances until they become one stock?
• Which term means deviating from expected age norms?
• Which term refers to the process of shifting from sacred to utilitarian thinking?
• Which concept is the process by which individuals learn the norms and roles of their society?
• An institutionalized organization of religious believers is known as what?
• Which term describes a group that rejects aspects of established religions and devises new symbols, rituals and teachings?
• Which term signifies a group of people belonging together?
• Which term describes the belief that all members of a group share the same traits, often leading to generalized judgments?
• Which form of leadership emphasizes emotional welfare and unity to maintain group cohesion?
• The arrangement where production and distribution are guided by private individuals and markets is called?
• Which concept explains the unequal distribution of social rewards due to personal or group characteristics?
• A person or group acts toward another in order to receive a reward in return. This behavior best describes which concept?
• Which term states the expected behaviour of a culture?
• Which term denotes social stratification based on inherited status?
• Which concept denotes the most defining status that can shape a person's identity in social interactions?
• A "Group" is defined as which?
• Which term denotes the patterns of culture and social structure in cities that differ from rural communities?
• Which term describes a society in which husband and wife are equal?
• Which term best describes a family structure comprising two or more nuclear families plus other relatives?